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Czesław Wycech (1899-1977) was a Polish activist, politician and historian. He was a member of the Polish peasant's parties: Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie", People's Party, Polish People's Party, United People's Party. During WWII he was a member of the Polish Underground State, responsible for organizing underground education. Minister of Education in the Council of National Unity (1945-1947). In People's Republic of Poland, he was a member of the Polish parliament (Sejm) and held other governmental posts.
Biography
Wycech was born in a peasant family on 20 July 1899 in Wilczogęby. A teacher by profession, in 1926 he graduated from the Teacher's Institute in Warsaw. From around 1917-1919 (dates vary) he was involved with the peasant movement.12 Around that time he joined the Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie" (PSL "Wyzwolenie"); in 1931, the People's Party (SL).123 After the end of WWII, in 1945, he joined the Polish People's Party (PSL) which in 1949 became the United People's Party (ZSL). From 1946 to 1971 he was one of the top leaders of PSL and ZSL.3
He was also an educational activist; during WWII he was an important activist of the underground education in occupied Poland.3 He was one of the founders of the Secret Teachers Society (Tajna Organizacja Nauczycielska) in 1939; later he became an activist of the Polish Underground State and from 1940 to 1945 he was the President of the Department of Culture and Education in the Government Delegation for Poland.2 In 1944-1945 he was the President of the Association of Polish Teachers (ZNP) and from 1945 to 1947, he was the Minister of Education in the Council of National Unity.3
From 1956 to 1957 he was a deputy chairman of the Polish Council of State.3 From 1944 to 1971 he was member of the Polish parliament (Sejm, earlier the State National Council).2 From 1957 to 1971 he was the Marshal of the Sejm.24
In 1959 he was decorated with the Order of the Builders of People's Poland for his contributions to the peasant studies, development and education.2
Works
- Nauczycielstwo w walce o demokrację (1947)
- Materiały do dziejów ruchu ludowego (1949)
- Z przeszłości ruchów chłopskich, 1768-1861 (1952)
- Ks. Piotr Ściegienny (1953)
- Powstanie chłopskie w roku 1846 (1955)
- 60 lat ruchu ludowego (1957)
- Podstawowe zagadnienia społeczno-polityczne ruchu ludowego (1958)
- Polityczna myśl ludowa w świetle programów stronnictw chłopskich (1959)
- Aktualne zadania polityczne i organizacyjne zjednoczonego Stronnictwa Ludowego (1962)
- Społeczna gospodarka rolna w polskiej myśli politycznej (1963)
- Z dziejów tajnej oświaty w latach okupacji 1939-1945 (1964)
- Wincenty Witos w świetle własnej twórczości pisarskiej (1966)
- Towarzystwo Oświaty Demokratycznej «Nowe Tory» 1931-1939 (1966)
Notes
- ^ a b Jerzy Jan Lerski, Piotr Wróbel, Richard J. Kozicki, Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996, ISBN 0313260079, Google Print, p.667
- ^ a b c d e f (Polish) Czesław Wycech 1899-1977, Muzeum Historii Polskiego Ruchu Ludowego
- ^ a b c d e (Polish) Wycech Czesław in WIEM Encyklopedia
- ^ George Sanford, Democratic Government in Poland: Constitutional Politics Since 1989, Macmillan, 2002, ISBN 0333774752, Google Print, p.109
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